Over the course of their lives, animals form associations between sensory stimuli and predicted threats or rewards. These associations can, in turn, shape the behaviors of animals, prompting them to ...

Neuronal sequences in the medial prefrontal cortex of the brain encode critical information associated with a procedural rule. These sequences can be explored and leveraged as novel biomarkers for ...

An international team of scientists led by the University of Surrey has discovered that a form of safe, painless, and non-invasive brain stimulation could help people who are at risk of falling behind ...

Researchers have discovered that the dorsal premotor cortex serves a 'meta-learning' function, overseeing and regulating physical movements. Once believed to be limited to movement planning, this ...

Extensive practice can rewire the brain so a learned skill runs more automatically, making some forms of true multitasking ...

Fear is often thought of as a negative emotion but is actually a natural protective response to perceived threats or danger. It helps us survive. When we experience a situation that causes fear, it ...

Many horse owners think the existence of the prefrontal cortex is a major controversy in equine science. It’s not. It’s just an area that’s riddled with misinformation. Curiously, most people—horsey ...

Sometimes, stress or excitement can affect decision making, and not always positively. Fortunately, this brain hack can help ...