IN the course of chronic liver disease the development of portal hypertension and the subsequent formation of portal collateral circulation may permit certain nitrogen-containing substances in the ...

The incidence of encephalopathy with spontaneous shunting is difficult to determine because it frequently occurs in only a mild and intermittent form. In a recent review 12 of 237 surgical shunts, it ...

Hepatic encephalopathy is a severe complication of cirrhosis that is related to the effects of ammonia. Analysis of interorgan ammonia trafficking has identified an important role of skeletal muscle ...

In the present report, we considered the number of patients with clinical efficacy as our primary outcome. Clinical efficacy was defined as disappearance of the HE clinical syndrome during the study ...