Simple Sound Processor presented here is an ultra-simple circuit module suitable for almost all basic electronics and microcontroller projects. For example, this module can be used as a front-end in ...

With so much analog-circuit design being done by automated tools and circuit-performance analysis done with tools such as Spice, it may seem anachronistic to actually go through a basic circuit in ...

Neural microcircuits consisting of a few neurons and their interconnections are small enough to be understood more completely than larger neural structures, whose complexity quickly becomes ...

In a balanced op-amp circuit, the op-amp inputs see equal impedances looking into the circuit. Balanced circuits provide better performance by cancelling some input errors and have a simple R F /R I ...

You're probably familiar with the old-fashioned strings of holiday lights that go out completely if one bulb burns out. Although these lights cause hours of frustration during the holidays, they also ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

Even in today’s digital, IT-intensive radio plant, there is still a need to design and build one-of-a-kind electronic circuits. Simple devices such as digital tone generators and small distribution ...

Op amps excel at providing many useful and clever solutions to routine or complicated circuit functions. A summing circuit is a perfect example. A summing circuit is typically used in applications ...

For electricity to flow, everything needs to be connected in a big ring. It’s called a circuit. For example, the lights in most houses and flats are part of a circuit controlled by the consumer unit, ...

Using simple components such as oil, salt water, lipids and proteins, plus routine genetic engineering techniques, it is possible to create simple nanofluidic ...