Plymouth is a village in Jefferson County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 363 at the 2020 census. Plymouth was founded in 1872 by a colony of settlers from New England, who named the settlement after Plymouth, Massachusetts. When the railroad was built through the neighborhood in 1884, the town moved approximately 3 miles in ordeā¦Plymouth is a village in Jefferson County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 363 at the 2020 census. Plymouth was founded in 1872 by a colony of settlers from New England, who named the settlement after Plymouth, Massachusetts. When the railroad was built through the neighborhood in 1884, the town moved approximately 3 miles in order to be situated on the new line.